IOM Pregnancy Weight Gain Guidelines
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends total pregnancy weight gain ranges based on pre-pregnancy BMI category:
- Underweight (BMI < 18.5): 28-40 lbs
- Normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9): 25-35 lbs
- Overweight (BMI 25-29.9): 15-25 lbs
- Obese (BMI 30+): 11-20 lbs
Recommendations for twin pregnancies are higher across all categories to support the additional needs of carrying multiples.
Why Individual Needs Vary
These are general population guidelines — your obstetrician or midwife may recommend a different target based on your specific health history, nutritional needs, and how your pregnancy is progressing. Always follow your healthcare provider's personalized guidance over general guidelines.
Weight Gain Isn't Linear
Typical pregnancies involve modest weight gain in the first trimester (often just 1-5 lbs total) with more gradual, steady gain in the second and third trimesters — don't be alarmed if early gain is slower than a simple monthly average would suggest.