What Is BMI and How Is It Calculated?
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple calculation using your height and weight to estimate whether you're in a healthy weight range. The metric formula is:
BMI = weight (kg) ÷ height (m)²
In imperial units, the formula is adjusted with a conversion factor: BMI = 703 × weight (lbs) ÷ height (in)².
BMI Categories (WHO Classification)
- Below 18.5: Underweight
- 18.5 – 24.9: Normal weight
- 25 – 29.9: Overweight
- 30 and above: Obese
Limitations of BMI
BMI is a population-level screening tool, not a diagnostic measure. It doesn't distinguish between muscle and fat mass, so athletes and muscular individuals often show a higher BMI despite having low body fat. It also doesn't account for fat distribution, age, or sex-specific differences in body composition. For a fuller picture, BMI is best used alongside other measures like waist-to-hip ratio or body fat percentage.
Why BMI Is Still Useful
Despite its limitations, BMI remains widely used by healthcare providers as a fast, free, and reasonably reliable first-pass indicator of weight-related health risk across large populations, which is why it continues to be a standard part of routine health checkups worldwide.